Class Notes - 24th September, Tuesday, 2024

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These are the notes from the classes held on 24th September 2024 for LLB 3Y students at Padala Rama Reddi Law College, covering Law of Torts, Law of Contracts, Environmental Law, and Constitutional Law. Notes are not exhaustive as there are other discussions in class, the subject related points are noted and elaborated with the inputs of the author to add clarity and make it easier to understand. Though vetted, notes may contain inaccuracies.

Note: Henceforth, it is challenging to put all the content into 1 page as different Acts and subjects require additional context which is not discussed on a particular day but may have been discussed in the past or will be discussed in the future. Therefore, I am linking out to pages where I will be updating content daily or as and when necessary so that it is easier for everyone to keep track of a said topic.

Law of Contracts - 1

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Faculty: Ms Radha Kumari

Go to Unit-I: Definition and Essentials of a Valid Contract

Law of Torts

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Faculty: Ms Pavani

Go to Unit-I: Nature of Law of Torts

Constitutional Law - 1

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Faculty: Mr Gangadhar Rao

Types of Constitutions

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1. Unwritten: These countries may not have a formal constitution but operate based on several laws that guide the country.

   1. Examples
      1. England
         1. Introduced the world to concepts such as protection through police and armed forces, collecting taxes, and welfare for the people.
         2. Considered a beacon of democracy.
      2. Israel
      3. Saudi Arabia - Monarchy
      4. Bahrain - Monarchy
      5. Yemen - Monarchy
   2. Pros and Cons
      1. High power to the Center. Very useful for unitary states, as powers can be given to and taken back from the states by the center.

2. Written

   1. Examples: India, USA, etc.

How to Become an Advocate in the Supreme Court?

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• After enrollment into the [[Bar Council of India]] and practicing for 4 years, you are eligible to appear for the exam called [[Advocate on Record]].
• After passing the exam, you will be approached by clients who will ask you to refer their case to senior advocates.
• Not everyone can go directly to the [[Supreme Court]]. They must approach an [[Advocate on Record]] to take the case forward.
• After a couple of years of practice, you may be accorded the status of [[Senior Advocate]]. At this time, you won’t be able to be an [[Advocate on Record]] anymore.
• As a [[Senior Advocate]], other [[Advocates on Record]] will bring cases to you.

Environmental Law - 1

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Faculty: Ms Vijaya Kalyani

Ecosystem

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Sir Arthur Tansley coined the term ecosystem in 1935.

Definition: An ecosystem can be defined as a structural and functional unit of the biosphere consisting of a community of living beings and the physical environment, both interacting and exchanging materials between them.

Types of Ecosystem

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1. Natural
   1. Terrestrial
      1. Forest
      2. Grassland
      3. Desert
   2. Aquatic
      1. Freshwater
         1. Lentic - Standing - Lakes
         2. Lotic - Flowing - Rivers
      2. Marine
2. Artificial

Note: The faculty for Family Law - 1, Ms Sriveni, was absent as she was unwell. Her session was taken by Contracts - 1 Faculty Ms Radha Kumari.