LLB Semester VI Syllabus

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Subjects

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Osmania University — LLB (3-Year Degree Course) w.e.f. Academic Year 2024–25

College: Padala Rama Reddi Law College Batch: 2024–2027

Faculty Details

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Paper-I: Law of Taxation

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Faculty: —

Unit-I: Income Tax — Basics

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• Constitutional basis of power of taxation — Article 265 of Constitution of India
• Basic concept of Income Tax — Outlines of Income Tax Law
• Definition of Income and Agricultural Income under Income Tax Act
• Residential Status — Previous Year — Assessment Year — Computation of Income

Unit-II: Heads of Income

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• Heads of Income and Computation:
  • Income from Salary
  • Income from House Property
  • Profits and Gains of Business or Profession
  • Capital Gains
  • Income from Other Sources
• The Taxation Law (Amendment) Act, 2019

Unit-III: Tax Procedure and Assessment

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• Law and Procedure — PAN — Filing of Returns
• Payment of Advance Tax — Deduction of Tax at Source (TDS)
• Double Tax Relief
• Law and Procedure for Assessment, Penalties, Prosecution, Appeals and Grievances
• Authorities

Unit-IV: GST Act, 2017 — Introduction

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• Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017: Introduction — Background
• Basic Concepts — Salient Features of the Act
• Kinds of GST — CGST, SGST & IGST
• Administration — Officers under this Act
• Levy and Collection of Tax — Scope of Supply
• Tax Liability on Composite and Mixed Supplies
• Input Tax Credit — Eligibility and Conditions for taking Input Tax Credit

Unit-V: GST Act, 2017 — Registration, Returns and Recovery

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• Registration — Persons liable for Registration — Persons not liable for Registration
• Procedure for Registration — Returns
• Furnishing details of outward and inward supplies — Furnishing of Returns
• Payment of Tax, Interest, Penalty and other amounts
• Tax Deducted at Source — Collection of Tax at Source
• Demand and Recovery — Advance Ruling — Definitions for Advance Ruling
• Appeals and Revision — Appeals to Appellate Authority
• Powers of Revisional Authority — Constitution of Appellate Tribunal and Benches thereof
• Offences and Penalties

Suggested Readings

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1. Vinod K. Singhania, Student Guide to Income Tax, Taxman Allied Service Pvt. Limited
2. Vinod K. Singhania, Direct Taxes Law & Practice, Taxman Allied Service Pvt. Limited
3. Myneni S.R., Law of Taxation, Allahabad Law Series
4. Kailash Rai, Taxation Laws, Allahabad Law Agency
5. Gurish Ahuja, Systematic Approach to Income Tax, Bharat Law House Pvt. Ltd.
6. V.S. Datey, GST Ready Reckoner, Taxman Publications
7. GST Acts with Rules & Forms (Bare Act), Taxman Publications
8. GST — A Practical Approach, Taxman Publications
9. Sweta Jain, GST Law and Practice — A Section-wise Commentary on GST, Taxmann Publications
10. Shann V. Patkar, GST Law Guide, Taxmann Publications

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Paper-II: Information Technology Law

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Faculty: —

Unit-I: Cyber Space and Jurisdiction

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• Concept of Information Technology and Cyber Space
• Interface of Technology and Law
• Jurisdiction in Cyber Space and Jurisdiction in traditional sense
• Internet Jurisdiction — Indian Context of Jurisdiction
• Enforcement Agencies — International position of Internet Jurisdiction
• Cases in Cyber Jurisdiction

Unit-II: Information Technology Act, 2000

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• The Information Technology Act, 2000 — Aims and Objects — Overview of the Act
• Jurisdiction — Electronic Governance
• Legal Recognition of Electronic Records and Electronic Evidence
• Digital Signature Certificates — Securing Electronic Records and Secure Digital Signatures
• Duties of Subscribers — Role of Certifying Authorities
• Regulators under the Act — The Cyber Regulations Appellate Tribunal
• Internet Service Providers and their Liability
• Powers of Police under the Act — Impact of the Act on other Laws

Unit-III: E-Commerce

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• E-Commerce — UNCITRAL Model Law — Legal aspects of E-Commerce
• Digital Signatures — Technical and Legal Issues
• E-Commerce — Trends and Prospects
• E-Taxation, E-Banking, Online Publishing and Online Credit Card Payment
• Employment Contracts — Contractor Agreements, Sales, Re-Seller and Distributor Agreements
• Non-Disclosure Agreements — Shrink Wrap Contract, Source Code, Escrow Agreements etc.

Unit-IV: Cyber Law and IPRs

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• Cyber Law and IPRs — Understanding Copyright in Information Technology
• Software — Copyrights vs Patents debate — Authorship and Assignment Issues
• Copyright in Internet — Multimedia and Copyright Issues — Software Piracy
• Patents — Understanding Patents — European Position on Computer-related Patents
• Legal position of U.S. on Computer-related Patents — Indian Position on Computer-related Patents
• Trademarks — Trademarks in Internet — Domain Name Registration
• Domain Name Disputes & WIPO
• Databases in Information Technology — Protection of Databases — Position in USA, EU and India

Unit-V: Cyber Crimes

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• Cyber Crimes — Meaning of Cyber Crimes — Different Kinds of Cyber Crimes
• Cyber Crimes under the Information Technology Act, 2000
• Cyber Crimes under International Law
• Hacking, Child Pornography, Cyber Stalking, Denial of Service Attack
• Virus Dissemination, Software Piracy, Internet Relay Chat (IRC) Crime
• Credit Card Fraud, Net Extortion, Phishing etc.
• Cyber Terrorism — Violation of Privacy on Internet — Data Protection and Privacy

Suggested Readings

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1. Kamlesh N. & Murali D. Tiwari (Ed), IT and Indian Legal System, Macmillan India Ltd., New Delhi
2. K.L. James, The Internet: A User’s Guide, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi
3. Chris Reed, Internet Law — Text and Materials, Universal Law Publishing Co., New Delhi
4. Vakul Sharma, Handbook of Cyber Laws, Macmillan India Ltd., New Delhi
5. S.V. Joga Rao, Computer Contract & IT Laws (in 2 Volumes), Prolific Law Publications, New Delhi
6. T. Ramappa, Legal Issues in Electronic Commerce, Macmillan India Ltd., New Delhi
7. Indian Law Institute, Legal Dimensions of Cyber Space, New Delhi
8. Pankaj Jain & Sangeet Rai Pandey, Copyright and Trademark Laws relating to Computers, Eastern Book Co., New Delhi
9. Faroug Ahmed, Cyber Law in India
10. S.V. Joga Rao, Law of Cyber Crimes and Information Technology Law, Wadhwa & Co., Nagpur

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Paper-III: Optional (Any one of the following)

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Option (A): LAW RELATING TO WOMEN

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Faculty: —

Unit-I: Constitutional Framework

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• Historical background and status of women in ancient India
• Constitutional Provisions and gender justice
• Provisions relating to women in Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Duties under the Indian Constitution

Unit-II: Personal Laws and Women

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• Laws relating to marriage, divorce, succession and maintenance under the relevant personal laws with special emphasis on women
• Special Marriage Act — Maintenance of women under BNSS 2023 and other laws
• NRI Marriages — Live-in Relationships — Uniform Civil Code and gender justice

Unit-III: Criminal Law and Women

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• Special provisions relating to women under BNS 2023
• Offences against women — Outraging the modesty of women — Acid Attacks
• Sexual Harassment — Rape — Bigamy — Mock and Fraudulent Marriages
• Adultery — Causing Miscarriage — Insulting Women
• Provisions under BSA relating to women

Unit-IV: Protective Legislation

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• Socio-Legal position of women and the law
• Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961
• Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act
• Law relating to misuse of Pre-natal Diagnostic Techniques and Sex Selection
• Law relating to Immoral Trafficking
• Law relating to Domestic Violence
• Law relating to Sexual Harassment at Workplace — “Honour Killings”

Unit-V: Women under Labour and International Law

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• Position of women under the Maternity Benefit Act and other Labour & Industrial Laws and Codes
• Position of Women under International Instruments:
  • Convention for Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)
  • International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
  • International Covenant on Social, Cultural and Economic Rights

Suggested Readings

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1. S.P. Sathe, Towards Gender Justice
2. Vijay Sharma, Protection to Women in Matrimonial Home
3. Sarojini Saxena, Femijuris (Law relating to Women in India)
4. Archana Parsher, Women and Social Reform
5. Paras Diwan, Dowry and Protection to Married Women
6. Mary Wollstonecraft, Vindication of the Rights of Women
7. G.B. Reddy, Women & Law including Law Relating to Children, Gogia Law Agency, Hyderabad

Option (B): HUMAN RIGHTS LAW

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Faculty: —

Unit-I: Concept and Evolution

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• Meaning and definition of Human Rights
• Evolution of Human Rights — Human Rights and Domestic Jurisdiction
• Classification of Human Rights — Third World Perspectives of Human Rights

Unit-II: UN and Human Rights

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• Adoption of Human Rights by the UN Charter
• U.N. Commission on Human Rights
• Universal Declaration of Human Rights
• International Covenants on Human Rights (Civil and Political; Economic, Social and Cultural)

Unit-III: Regional Conventions

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• Regional Conventions on Human Rights
• European Convention on Human Rights
• American Convention on Human Rights
• African Charter on Human Rights (Banjul)

Unit-IV: International Conventions

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• International Conventions on Human Rights:
  • Genocide Convention
  • Convention against Torture
  • CEDAW
  • Child Rights Convention
  • Convention on Statelessness
  • Convention against Slavery
  • Convention on Refugees
• International Conference on Human Rights (1968)
• World Conference on Human Rights (1993)

Unit-V: Human Rights in India

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• Human Rights Protection in India
• Human Rights Commissions — Protection of Human Rights Act
• National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) — State Human Rights Commissions
• Human Rights Courts in Districts

Suggested Readings

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1. P.R. Gandhi (Ed), Blackstone’s International Human Rights Documents, Universal Law Publishing Co., Delhi
2. Richard B. Lillich and Frank C. Newman, International Human Rights — Problems of Law and Policy, Little Brown and Company, Boston and Toronto
3. Frederick Quinn, Human Rights and You, OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw, Poland
4. T.S. Batra, Human Rights — A Critique, Metropolitan Book Company Pvt. Ltd.
5. Dr. U. Chandra, Human Rights, Allahabad Law Agency Publications, Allahabad

Option (C): LAW OF INVESTMENTS AND SECURITIES

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Faculty: —

Unit-I: Company Law — Shares and Membership

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• Administration of Company Law in relation to issue of prospectus and shares
• Membership and Share Capital — Kinds of Shares — Public Issue of Shares
• Procedure for Issue of Shares — Allotment of Shares
• Transfer and Transmission of Shares

Unit-II: Debentures and Dividends

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• Debentures — Kinds of Debentures and Charges — Dividend
• Inter-Corporate Loans and Investments

Unit-III: Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956

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• Basic features of the Security Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956
• Recognition of Stock Exchanges — Regulation of Contracts and Option in Securities
• Listing of Securities — Guidelines for Listing of Shares/Debentures

Unit-IV: SEBI Act, 1992

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• Basic features of the Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992
• Establishment of SEBI — Functions and Powers of SEBI
• Powers of the Central Government under the Act — Guidelines for Disclosure
• Investors Protection — SEBI Appellate Tribunal — Appeals

Unit-V: Non-Banking Financial Institutions

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• Non-Banking Financial Institutions — Classification
• Law Relating to NBFCs — Protection of Depositors Act
• Foreign Exchange Management Act

Suggested Readings

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1. Avatar Singh, Company Law, Eastern Book Company
2. A. Ramaiah, A Guide to Companies Act, Wadhwa Publications
3. Navneet Jyothi and Rajesh Gupta, Practical Manual to Non-Banking Financial Companies, Taxman Publications
4. Ananta Raman, Lectures on Company Law, Wadhwa and Company
5. Tandon M.P., Company Law, Allahabad Law Agency, Allahabad
6. Kailash Rai, Company Law, Allahabad Law Agency
7. Majumdar, Company Law, Taxman Publications
8. A.P. Protection of Depositors Act, 1999, Asia Law House Publications

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Paper-IV: Drafting, Pleadings and Conveyancing

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Faculty: —

Note: Class-room instruction and simulation exercises on the following items shall be extended.

Unit-I: Drafting

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• Drafting: Drafting and Documentation in Civil, Criminal and Constitutional Cases
• General Principles of Drafting and relevant Substantive Rules
• Distinction between Pleadings and Conveyancing

Unit-II: Pleadings

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• Essentials and Drafting of Pleadings:
  • (i) Civil — Plaint, Written Statement, Memo, Interlocutory Application, Original Petition, Affidavit, Execution Petition, Memorandum of Appeal and Revision
  • (ii) Constitutional — Petition under Article 226 and 32 of the Constitution of India — Drafting of Writ Petition and PIL Petition
  • (iii) Criminal — Complaint, Criminal Miscellaneous Petition, Bail Application, Memorandum of Appeal and Revision

Unit-III: Conveyancing

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• Conveyancing: Essentials and Drafting of:
  • Sale Deed, Mortgage Deed, Lease Deed, Gift Deed
  • Promissory Note, Power of Attorney, Will and Trust Deed

Practical Exercises

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• 15 exercises in Pleadings carrying a total of 45 marks (3 marks each)
• 15 exercises in Conveyancing carrying another 45 marks (3 marks each)
• Viva-voce for remaining 10 marks
• These 30 exercises shall be recorded
• Each student shall be served with different problems for the purpose of exercise

Evaluation by a committee consisting of (i) Principal of the College / concerned teacher, (ii) University Representative appointed by the Controller of Examinations, and (iii) an Advocate with 10 years’ experience at the Bar. The same committee will also conduct viva-voce.

Note: Attendance of the students for viva-voce shall be compulsory.

Suggested Readings

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1. R.N. Chaturvedi, Pleadings and Conveyancing, Central Law Publications
2. De Souza, Conveyancing, Eastern Law House
3. Tiwari, Drafting, Pleading and Conveyancing, Central Law Agency
4. Mogha, Indian Conveyancer, Eastern Law House
5. Mogha, Law of Pleadings in India, Eastern Law House
6. Shiv Gopal, Conveyancing, Precedents and Forms, Eastern Book Company
7. Narayana P.S., Civil Pleadings and Practice, Asia Law House
8. Narayana P.S., Criminal Pleadings and Practice, Asia Law House
9. Noshirvan H. Jhabvala, Drafting, Pleadings, Conveyancing & Professional Ethics, Jamhadar & Companies
10. R.D. Srivastava, The Law of Pleadings, Drafting and Conveyancing, Central Law Agency

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Paper-V: Moot Courts, Observation of Trial, Pre-trial Preparations and Internship

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Faculty: —

Note: This paper has three components of 30 marks each and viva-voce for 10 marks (Total: 100 marks).

(A) Moot Court (30 marks)

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Every student is required to participate in at least three moot courts in the VI Semester with 10 marks for each.

• Evaluated for 5 marks for written submissions and 5 marks for oral advocacy
• Written submissions shall include: brief summary of facts, issues involved, provisions of laws and arguments, citation, prayer, etc.
• Marks for oral advocacy awarded for: communication skills, presentations, language, provisions of law, authorities quoted, court manners, etc.
• Written Memorials submitted by students shall be kept by the College for further verification

Evaluated by a committee consisting of (i) Principal of the College, (ii) an Advocate with 10 years’ experience at the Bar, and (iii) the teacher concerned.

(B) Observance of Trial — Two Cases (30 marks)

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Students are required to attend courts to observe at least one civil and one criminal case.

• Students shall maintain a record and enter the various steps observed during their attendance on different days in the court assignment
• Court attendance shall be compulsory and attendance has to be recorded in a register

Evaluated by a committee consisting of (i) Principal of the College / concerned teacher, (ii) University Representative, and (iii) an Advocate with 10 years’ experience at the Bar.

(C) Interviewing Techniques and Pre-Trial Preparations and Internship Diary (30 marks)

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• Each student should observe two “interview sessions” of clients either in the Lawyer’s Office or in the Legal Aid Office and record the proceedings in a diary — 15 marks
• Each student has to further observe the preparation of documents and court papers by the Advocate and the procedure for filing of the suit/petition
• Internship shall be for a period of minimum 15 days and it shall be mandatory
• This shall be recorded in the diary — 15 marks
• The diary shall clearly indicate the dates on which observations are made and they shall be authenticated by the advocate concerned

Evaluated by a committee consisting of (i) Principal of the College / concerned teacher, (ii) University Representative, and (iii) an Advocate with 10 years’ experience at the Bar.

(D) Viva-voce (10 marks)

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Viva-voce examination on all the above three components.

Note:

1. Attendance of the students in all four components shall be compulsory.
2. The above records, diary certified by the University Representative shall be submitted to the University for further verification.

Suggested Readings

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1. Dr. Kailash Rai, Moot Court Pre-Trial Preparation and Participation in Trial Proceedings, Central Law Publication
2. Amita Danda, Moot Court for Interactive Legal Education, Asia Law House, Hyderabad
3. Blackstone’s Books of Moots, Oxford University Press
4. Mishra, Moot Court Pre-Trial Preparation and Participation in Trial Proceedings, Central Law, Allahabad
5. G.B. Reddy, Practical Advocacy of Law, Gogia Law Agency, Hyderabad

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Document prepared for Padala Rama Reddi Law College — LLB 2024–2027 Batch

Created on: 18 February 2026